Introduction:
Diabetes is a chronic disease characterized by the pancreas’s insufficient insulin production. Insulin, a hormone, regulates blood sugar levels. Uncontrolled diabetes frequently results in hyperglycemia, also known as high blood glucose or elevated blood sugar, which can affect a variety of body systems, including neurons and blood vessels, over time. A glucose metabolic disorder characterized by the body’s impaired ability to produce or respond to insulin. As a result, keep healthy levels of sugar (glucose) in your blood. People with this disease typically have a high level of glucose in their blood, which can lead to a variety of severe issues if not addressed promptly. Some women experience this problem throughout pregnancy and then overcome it after giving birth. Some people face it from childhood and live with it for the rest of their lives. People use insulin to maintain their sugar levels, which is prescribed by doctors.
Symptoms:
Diabetes symptoms include the following:
- Having a great thirst
- Urging more frequently than usual and experiencing cloudy vision
- Being exhausted and inadvertently losing weight
- Diabetes can damage blood vessels in the kidneys, eyes, heart, and nerves over time.
- Diabetes raises the risk of a variety of ailments, including heart attack, stroke, and renal failure.
- Diabetes damages the blood vessels in the eyes, resulting in irreversible visual loss.
Diabetes is classified into two categories.
I type 1 people become insulin dependent, which usually begins in childhood. Type 2 diabetes, also known as non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) or adult-onset diabetes, usually develops after the age of 40.
Diabetes type 1
Deficient insulin production is a hallmark of type 1 diabetes, sometimes referred to as insulin-dependent, juvenile, or childhood-onset, which necessitates daily insulin therapy.
Type 1 diabetes affected 9 million people in 2017, the majority of whom reside in high-income nations. Its etiology and methods of prevention are unknown. People with a family history of DM are at high risk.
DiabetesType 2
The way your body uses sugar (glucose) for energy is impacted by type 2 diabetes. If left untreated, it prevents the body from using insulin effectively, which can result in excessive blood sugar levels.
Type 2 diabetes has the potential to seriously harm the body over time, particularly the nerves and blood vessels.Diabetes type 2 can frequently be avoided. Being overweight, not getting enough exercise, and genes are all risk factors for type 2 diabetes.To avoid type 2 diabetes’ worst side effects, early diagnosis is crucial. The easiest method to catch diabetes early is to visit a doctor regularly for checkups and blood tests.Type 2 diabetes can have modest symptoms. It could be years before anyone notices them.
Prevention:
The greatest strategy to stop or delay the onset of type 2 diabetes is to make lifestyle changes.
Attain and maintain a healthy weight.
Maintain a healthy lifestyle by engaging in at least 30 minutes of moderate activity every day, eating a balanced diet free of sugar and saturated fat, and quitting smoking.
Diagnose ad treatment:
Testing for blood glucose is a relatively cheap method of achieving an early diagnosis. Insulin shots are essential for type 1 diabetics to survive.
Maintaining a healthy lifestyle is one of the most crucial diabetes treatment strategies.
To help control their blood sugar levels, some persons with type 2 diabetes will need to take medications. Injections of insulin or other medications can be among them.
Additional medical care may be needed to treat the effects of diabetes:
- foot care to treat ulcers
- screening and treatment for kidney disease
- eye exams to screen for retinopathy (which causes blindness).
Conclusion:
Diabetes is a long-term (chronic) illness that affects how your body converts food into energy. The majority of the food you consume is converted by your body into sugar (glucose), which is then released into your bloodstream. Your pancreas releases insulin when your blood sugar levels rise. In order for blood sugar to enter your body’s cells and be used as energy, insulin functions like a key. When you have diabetes, your body either produces insufficient insulin or uses it improperly. Too much blood sugar remains in your bloodstream when there is insufficient insulin or when cells cease reacting to insulin. That can eventually lead to major health issues like renal disease, eyesight loss, and heart disease.
