INTRODUCTION:
Attack words illustrate that a sudden, uncertain thing happened, which is enough to ruin the whole system. Similarly, a heart attack is a kind of syndrome that shows that there is something wrong with the heart, which leads to the attack.A heart attack, also known as a myocardial infarction, occurs when the flow of blood that provides oxygen to a portion of your heart muscle becomes suddenly obstructed. Your heart is running out of oxygen. If blood flow is not rapidly restored, the heart muscle will begin to die. A heart attack is not the same as cardiac arrest, which occurs when your heart stops beating abruptly and unexpectedly. Sudden cardiac arrest can result from a heart attack. There are certain reasons behind a heart attack, because this did not happen suddenly. There is a list of causes that lead to this worst condition. Coronary artery disease is the leading cause of heart attacks. Your age, lifestyle habits, and other medical issues can all increase your chances of having a heart attack. Chest and upper body pain, shortness of breath, dizziness, sweatiness, and nausea are all symptoms of a heart attack. Detecting the Early Signs of a Heart Attack.
Symptoms:
Feeling of pressure, tightness, pain, squeezing, or aching in the chest
- Pain that spreads to the arms, neck, jaw, or back
- Feeling of crushing or heaviness in the chest
- Feeling similar to heartburn or indigestion
- Nausea and sometimes vomiting
- Feeling clammy and sweaty
- Shortness of breath
- Feeling lightheaded or dizzy
- Anxiety that can feel similar to a panic attack
- Coughing or wheezing, if fluid builds up in the lungs
The symptoms can vary in their order and duration — they may last several days or come and go suddenly
Worst case scenario symptoms:
Hypoxemia: This is characterized by low levels of oxygen in the blood.
Pulmonary edema: is the accumulation of fluid in and around the lungs.
Cardiogenic shock: This occurs when blood pressure drops suddenly because the heart cannot supply enough blood for the rest of the body to function properly.
Treatment:
Medical attention
health care professionals are the ley players because they are trained to manage these kind of heart attacks in the very systematic way. The person’s care will be taken up by the emergency team when they arrive. Give the team as much information as possible about the person’s health and what happened prior to the event. The team will attempt to stabilize the person’s condition, including the administration of oxygen.
A medical team will run tests and give appropriate therapy at the hospital.
Common interventions:
drugs, such as those used to dissolve blood clots
Percutaneous coronary intervention is a mechanical procedure that restores blood flow to any injured tissue.
Coronary artery bypass grafting, also known as a heart bypass, redirects blood around damaged arteries to enhance blood flow.
Complications:
Heart attack can lead to the other life-threatening complications and upheaval the whole-body function.
Complications Following a heart attack, some patients develop complications. Depending on the severity of the occurrence, these may include:
Depression is common after a heart attack, and talking to loved ones and joining support groups might help.
Arrhythmia: An irregular heartbeat, either too rapidly or too slowly.
Edema is a condition in which fluid accumulates and produces swelling in the ankles and legs.
Aneurysm: Scar tissue forms on the injured heart wall, causing weakening and straining of the heart muscle and eventually the formation of a sac. This can result in blood clots.
Angina is caused by a lack of oxygen reaching the heart, resulting in chest pain.
Heart failure occurs when the heart can no longer adequately pump blood, resulting in weariness, trouble breathing, and edema.
Myocardial rupture: A tear in a section of the heart caused by heart attack injury.
Ongoing therapy and monitoring can help lessen the likelihood of these problems occurring.
Prevention
There are several strategies to reduce your chance of having a heart attack. The American Heart Association Trusted Source advises people to priorities their heart health.
- Avoiding or quitting smoking
- Having a balanced, healthful diet
- Getting regular exercise
- Managing diabetes, high cholesterol levels, high blood pressure, and other conditions
- limiting alcohol intake
- Maintaining a healthy body weight
- Whenever possible, avoiding stress or practicing ways to reduce
Diagnosis
In the hospital, a doctor will inquire about your symptoms. When making a diagnosis and developing a treatment plan, they will consider the person’s:Age, general health, and medical history and history of the family.
They will also need to conduct testing.
Electrocardiography, which measures electrical activity in the heart blood tests, which can confirm if a heart attack has happened cardiac catheterization, which allows a doctor to see the inside of the heart Recovery
Important considerations:
Cardiac rehabilitation: The healthcare staff will assist the individual in developing a strategy to restore their health and avoid another heart attack.
Resuming physical exercise: A healthcare provider can assist in developing an appropriate activity plan.
Getting back to work: The timing of this is determined on the individual’s work and the severity of the heart attack.
Causes:
A blockage in one of the arteries near the heart is the most common cause of a heart attack. This can be caused by coronary heart disease, in which plaque (cholesterol and other chemicals) accumulates in the arteries, narrowing them. This can block the passage of blood over time. Other causes are:
- Older age
- Male sex
- High cholesterol levels
- High blood pressure
- Obesity
- Diabetes
- Having a diet high in processed foods and added fats, sugars, and salt
- Low activity levels
- Genetic factors and family history
- Smoking
- High alcohol intake
- High levels of stress
Conclusion:
Most heart attacks are caused by one of two distinct mechanisms. Both are caused by insufficient blood supply to a specific part of the heart, which is usually caused by fatty plaque development in the coronary arteries. The most common symptom of a heart attack is chest discomfort, although others are typically modest, and the underlying process that causes the heart attack can differ. People must be able to recognize the various symptoms of a heart attack in order to know when to seek immediate medical attention. Most heart attacks are caused by one of two distinct mechanisms. Both are caused by insufficient blood supply to a specific part of the heart, which is usually caused by fatty plaque development in the coronary arteries. The most common symptom of a heart attack is chest discomfort, although others are typically modest, and the underlying process that causes the heart attack can differ. People must be able to recognize the various symptoms of a heart attack in order to know when to seek immediate medical attention.
