Introduction Smallpox, a once-feared disease that has been eradicated through global vaccination efforts. remains a ghost of the past that continues to haunt public health experts. The threat of bioterrorism has raised concerns about the potential re-emergence of smallpox as a weapon. This article examines the history of smallpox. The risks associated with its potential use in bioterrorism, and the strategies employed to prevent and prepare for such threats.   Historical Context of Smallpox The Devastation of Smallpox Smallpox was a highly contagious and deadly disease caused by the variola virus. Characterized by fever, body aches, and a distinctive rash,…