Introduction Urothelial cancer, the predominant form of bladder cancer, presents significant challenges in treatment due to its aggressive nature and limited therapeutic options. Despite advances in surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy, managing advanced or metastatic disease remains a formidable task. However, the emergence of immunotherapy has opened new avenues for the treatment of urothelial cancer, offering promising outcomes and renewed hope for patients.   Understanding Immunotherapy in Urothelial Cancer Urothelial cancer arises from the urothelial cells lining the bladder, ureters, and renal pelvis. It accounts for the majority of bladder cancer cases and is associated with various risk factors including…