Introduction Not all chest pain comes from the heart. In fact, many people experience recurrent chest discomfort unrelated to heart disease, known as non-cardiac chest pain (NCCP). This type of pain can be caused by gastrointestinal, musculoskeletal, lung-related, or psychological conditions. While it is not directly linked to blocked arteries, recurrent non-cardiac chest pain can still be distressing and impact daily life. Proper evaluation and management are essential to improve the quality of life and rule out serious conditions. Common Causes of Non-Cardiac Chest Pain 1. Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) 2. Esophageal Disorders 3. Musculoskeletal Conditions 4. Pulmonary Causes 5.…
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Introduction Chest pain can arise from many causes—ranging from muscle strain or acid reflux to life-threatening conditions like a heart attack. Because the symptoms often overlap, doctors rely on a combination of diagnostic tests to identify whether the pain is cardiac in origin. Four of the most important tools used in evaluating chest pain are the Electrocardiogram (EKG), Troponin blood test, Stress test, and Coronary angiography. Electrocardiogram (EKG/ECG) What it is An EKG records the electrical activity of the heart through small sensors (electrodes) attached to the skin. Why it done What to expect Troponin Blood Test What it is…
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Introduction Chest pain is often alarming because it can signal serious heart or lung conditions. However, not all chest pain is cardiac or respiratory in origin. A common and usually less dangerous cause is musculoskeletal chest pain, which arises from the muscles, bones, joints, or connective tissues of the chest wall. While uncomfortable, this type of pain is often treatable with rest, simple home measures, and sometimes medical therapy. Understanding the causes and relief strategies can help distinguish it from more urgent conditions. What Is Musculoskeletal Chest Pain Musculoskeletal chest pain refers to discomfort that originates in the muscles, ribs,…
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Introduction Chest pain that worsens with breathing—often described as pleuritic chest pain—can be a sign of underlying conditions affecting the lungs or the lining around them. Unlike cardiac chest pain, which is often pressure-like and unrelated to breathing, pleuritic pain is typically sharp, stabbing, and triggered by inhaling, coughing, or sneezing. Three of the most common causes are pleurisy, pneumonia, and pulmonary embolism. Recognizing the differences is crucial, as some conditions require urgent medical attention. 1. Pleurisy (Pleuritis) What It Is Pleurisy occurs when the pleura—the thin membranes lining the lungs and chest cavity—becomes inflamed. Symptoms Causes Management 2. Pneumonia…
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Introduction Chest pain is often immediately associated with heart problems, but in many cases, it has non-cardiac causes. These conditions may mimic the symptoms of a heart attack, leading to anxiety and emergency visits, yet they are not directly related to the heart. Understanding the most common non-cardiac causes of chest pain—such as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), costochondritis, and anxiety—can help individuals recognize patterns, seek appropriate treatment, and reduce unnecessary worry. 1. Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) GERD occurs when stomach acid flows back into the esophagus, irritating its lining. Symptoms Why It Mimics Heart Pain The esophagus is located close…
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Introduction Chest pain can be one of the most alarming symptoms a person experiences. While many cases are caused by non-cardiac issues such as indigestion, muscle strain, or anxiety, chest pain can also be a warning sign of a heart attack or other serious cardiac condition. Understanding how to distinguish between cardiac and non-cardiac chest pain can help you decide when to seek emergency care and when it may be something less serious. Why Chest Pain Should Never Be Ignored Heart disease remains the leading cause of death worldwide, and chest pain is its hallmark warning sign. Because early treatment…
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Introduction Heart disease remains the leading cause of death globally, and heart attacks (myocardial infarctions) are a critical manifestation of this condition. Traditionally, chest pain has been considered the hallmark symptom of a heart attack. However, research and clinical observations reveal that symptoms often vary, especially in women, whose experiences can differ significantly from the classic presentations. Recognizing these non-traditional symptoms can be life-saving, as early intervention dramatically improves outcomes. This article explores the broader spectrum of heart attack symptoms, with a focus on understanding gender-specific differences. Understanding Heart Attacks A heart attack occurs when the blood flow to a…
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Introduction Thrombocytosis is a medical condition characterized by an abnormally high number of platelets in the blood. Furthermore, Platelets are essential blood cells that play a major role in clotting and then wound healing. While thrombocytosis itself may not always cause symptoms, it can lead to complications such as blood clot formation. Moreover, Understanding the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and then treatment options for thrombocytosis is important for managing this condition effectively and preventing potential risks. What is Thrombocytosis? Thrombocytosis refers to an elevated platelet count in the blood, exceeding the normal range of 150,000 to 450,000 platelets per microliter.…
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Introduction: Heart disease is a leading cause of death worldwide, but recognizing its signs and symptoms early can greatly improve outcomes. Understanding heart disease symptoms is essential for prompt diagnosis and treatment. Here’s a comprehensive guide to recognizing the signs of heart disease: Common Heart Disease Symptoms Common heart disease symptoms include: Chest Pain or Discomfort: Also known as angina, chest pain or discomfort is often described as pressure, tightness, squeezing, or burning sensation in the chest. It may occur during physical activity or emotional stress and typically subsides with rest. However, chest pain can also occur at rest…