Introduction Chilblains, also known as pernio, are painful and itchy inflammations of small blood vessels in the skin, caused by exposure to cold and damp conditions. While typically affecting extremities such as toes, fingers, and ears, chilblains can occur on any area exposed to rapid temperature changes. Although not a serious medical condition, they can cause significant discomfort and are particularly common during the winter months. Understanding their causes, symptoms, and effective treatments can help prevent and manage chilblains. Causes Chilblains develop when the skin is exposed to cold temperatures, causing blood vessels to constrict. When the skin is then…