Overview of COPD COPD is a chronic lung disease characterized by persistent respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation. It primarily includes two conditions: chronic bronchitis, which involves inflammation and narrowing of the bronchial tubes, and emphysema, where the air sacs in the lungs are damaged. The main cause of COPD is long-term exposure to irritants, most commonly cigarette smoke, but it can also result from exposure to air pollution, chemical fumes, and dust. COPD progresses gradually, and symptoms often worsen over time. Common symptoms include shortness of breath, chronic cough, wheezing, and frequent respiratory infections. As the disease advances, it can…