INtroduction Diphtheria is a bacterial illness that has traditionally been a major public health concern, producing severe respiratory and systemic consequences. This extremely infectious disease, caused by Corynebacterium diphtheria, predominantly affects the respiratory tract and can result in the production of a thick grayish-white membrane in the throat, restricting breathing and swallowing. Diphtheria has been the target of extensive medical research and public health initiatives, which have resulted in the development of effective vaccinations that have significantly decreased its prevalence and impact in many areas of the world. Diphtheria’s history is linked with the evolution of vaccination methods. Diphtheria was…