Introduction Heartburn and indigestion are common complaints during pregnancy, affecting up to 50–80% of women, particularly in the second and third trimesters. Hormonal changes, physical pressure from the growing uterus, and slowed digestion all contribute to acid reflux, bloating, and discomfort. Although usually not dangerous, heartburn can significantly affect daily comfort, sleep, and nutrition. Understanding the causes and learning practical relief strategies can make pregnancy more comfortable. Why Heartburn Occurs in Pregnancy 1. Hormonal Changes 2. Physical Pressure 3. Slower Digestion Dietary Strategies for Relief 1. Eat Small, Frequent Meals 2. Avoid Trigger Foods 3. Stay Upright After Eating 4.…
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Introduction: Gastroenteritis is an acute infectious condition affecting the stomach and intestines. Its symptoms include diarrhea, vomiting, and abdominal cramps. Other signs and symptoms include nausea, fever, and chills. The severity of gastroenteritis ranges from a brief bout of diarrhea to severe dehydration. This is sometimes referred to as an infectious syndrome. Gastroenteritis can be caused by a variety of viruses, bacteria, and parasites. Microorganisms cause gastroenteritis by secreting toxins that cause excessive water and electrolyte loss, resulting in watery diarrhea, or by directly invading the gut walls, causing inflammation that disrupts the balance between nutrient absorption and waste secretion.…