Introduction: Neonatal screening programs are important public health initiatives designed to identify and treat certain medical conditions in newborns early in life. These programs aim to detect conditions that, if left untreated, can lead to severe health issues, developmental disabilities, or even death. By catching these conditions early, neonatal screening programs can significantly improve long-term health outcomes and quality of life for affected children. This article explores the importance of neonatal screening programs, their benefits, and the common conditions they screen for in newborns.   Neonatal Screening Programs Neonatal screening programs involve a series of tests performed shortly after birth…